longman academic writing series 4 essays 5th edition

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Longman Academic Writing Series 4: Essays, with Essential Online Resources Paperback – 31 May 2017

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The Longman Academic Writing Series helps develop student writing from basic composition of sentences and paragraphs to academic essays and research papers. At each level, students are offered guidance in the complete writing process from prewriting to revision, and are provided with clear explanations, extensive practice, and consistent coverage of sentence mechanics and grammar.

• Step-by-step approach helps students produce a well-organized, clearly developed portfolio that is the foundation of academic coursework.
• Realistic writing models guide writers while clear explanations, supported by examples, help students through typical rough spots.
• Extensive practice helps students assimilate writing skills to learn to write with accuracy and confidence.
• Timed writing activities provide a plan for writing paragraphs on tests.
• Interactive tasks, such as pair and group work, allow students to receive peer feedback on their individual writing.
• Level 5 offers more advanced guidance in the writing of essays and research papers.
• New Essential Online Resources include grammar for writing and sentence structure activities, teacher support material, teacher's manual, and assessments.
• ISBN-10 9780134663319
• ISBN-13 978-0134663319
• Edition 5th
• Publisher Pearson Education
• Publication date 31 May 2017
• Language English
• Dimensions 27.18 x 20.83 x 1.52 cm
• Print length 368 pages
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• ASIN ‏ : ‎ 0134663314
• Publisher ‏ : ‎ Pearson Education; 5th edition (31 May 2017)
• Language ‏ : ‎ English
• Paperback ‏ : ‎ 368 pages
• ISBN-10 ‏ : ‎ 9780134663319
• ISBN-13 ‏ : ‎ 978-0134663319
• Dimensions ‏ : ‎ 27.18 x 20.83 x 1.52 cm
• 931 in Educational Psychology
• 2,600 in Child & Developmental Psychology in Education
• 7,885 in English as a Foreign Language

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Longman Academic Writing Series 4: Essays, with Essential Online Resources Paperback – 19 September 2016

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• ISBN-10 9780134663319
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• Edition 5th
• Publication date 19 September 2016
• Language English
• Print length 368 pages
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Longman Academic Writing Series 4 5th edition

Essays, with essential online resources.

Alice Oshima , Ann Hogue

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The Longman Academic Writing Series helps develop student writing from basic composition of sentences and paragraphs to academic essays and research papers. At each level, students are offered guidance in the complete writing process from prewriting to revision, and are provided with clear explanations, extensive practice, and consistent coverage of sentence mechanics and grammar.

Highlights Step-by-step approach helps students produce a well-organized, clearly developed portfolio that is the foundation of academic coursework. Realistic writing models guide writers while clear explanations, supported by examples, help students through typical rough spots. Extensive practice helps students assimilate writing skills to learn to write with accuracy and confidence. Timed writing activities provide a plan for writing paragraphs on tests. Interactive tasks, such as pair and group work, allow students to receive peer feedback on their individual writing. Level 5 offers more advanced guidance in the writing of essays and research papers. New Essential Online Resources include grammar for writing and sentence structure activities, teacher support material, teacher's manual, and assessments.

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Longman Academic Writing Series 4: Essays

Oshima, Alice; Hogue, Ann

Published by Pearson Education ESL, 2013

ISBN 10: 0132915693 / ISBN 13: 9780132915694

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The threat intelligence division of S2 Grupo

(Cyber) GRU (VIII): Structure. Unit 74455

April 02, 2019

Apparently, Unit 74455 is linked to operations of disinformation, influence, propaganda … which would reconfirm the broad concept of information warfare of the Russian military doctrine. We have already referred to it repeatedly, and to the mixture of the purely technical field with the psychological field (dezinformatsiya, spetspropaganda, kompromat, etc.).

In fact, the US DIA speaks of the confrontation of Russian information (informatsionnoye protivoborstvo, IPb) as the term used by the Government for the information war conflict, with two major measures: technical, as a classic CNO, and psychological, as the attempt to manipulate the population in favour of Russian interests ([1]), speaking openly of “cyber” PSYOP. The first of these measures would correspond to Unit 26165 and the second to Unit 74455.

There is very little information available in open sources in relation to Unit 74455; its relationship with the technological field can be confirmed with some scientific references (articles and books). For example, in the journal “Information Control and Measurement Systems”, the name of E.E. Nazarov appears, as a scientist and employee of the Military Unit 74455. This identity participated in two articles: “ Algorithm to generate type interference based on the rapid evaluation of signal parameters ” and “ Methods to estimate the errors in the determination of the coordinates of the airborne radar carrier by a spatially distributed RTR system “. Although both titles were translated from Russian using automatic translation systems (thank you, Google) and may not be entirely correct, we can guess that people from this Unit work on topics such as jamming (and anti-jamming) signals; in other words, electronic warfare.

Reference to this Unit is also made, in particular to Mikhail Alekseevich Eremeev as Unit Director and Doctor of Technical Sciences, co-author of several books and scientific articles on cryptography; without knowing whether or not the names and surnames are common, someone with this same identification is also -or has been- a professor in the Department of Special Instruments Technologies of the Moscow Technological University and a member of the Editorial Board of the publication “Proceedings of the A.F. Mozhaisky Military Space Academy “.

The unit is located, as we said before and according to Mueller’s accusation, at number 22 Kirova Street, in the Khimki district, Moscow. It’s based in the building known as “The Tower”, although in some reference – very possibly for administrative purposes, the address of the GRU (the famous “Aquarium”) is quoted directly at 76 Khoroshevskoe. Mueller identifies only three members of the Unit, according to the following organization chart:

Unit 74455 used the information stolen by Unit 26165 for the benefit of Russian interests, according to Mueller’s accusation. In other words, it is in charge of “cyber” psychological operations. According to the nomenclature of the DIA cited above: it handles the information that Unit 26165 steals from its objectives, for which it establishes and maintains a technological infrastructure (profiles in social networks, websites …) with which to exploit this information. For example, this Unit is responsible for the handling of Guccifer 2.0 or DCLeaks sockpuppets using false identities, anonymized connections, start-up and operation of websites, etc.

[1] DIA. Russia Military Power. Building a Military to Support Great Power Aspirations. 2017.

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